Texas Responsible Artificial Intelligence Governance Act (TRAIGA / HB 149)

Properties

jurisdiction: US, Texas
level: state
domain: general
status: in-effect
scope: Regulates development and deployment of high-risk AI systems in Texas that make or substantially factor into consequential decisions in employment, education, healthcare, housing, insurance, financial services, or government services. Prohibits specific harmful AI uses.
obligations: Developers and deployers of high-risk AI systems must conduct impact assessments. Prohibited practices include: AI systems designed to encourage self-harm or criminal activity; AI systems producing child sexual abuse imagery or deepfake pornography involving minors; government use of social scoring. NIST AI RMF GenAI Profile compliance is an affirmative defense. A 36-month regulatory sandbox allows approved participants to test AI applications.
effectiveDate: 2026-01-01
enactedDate: 2025-06-22
penalties: Enforceable exclusively by the Texas Attorney General; penalties up to $200,000 per uncurable violation and $40,000 per day for continuing violations. 60-day cure period for curable violations.
appliesTo: entities that develop or deploy AI systems in Texas, advertise or conduct business in the state, or offer products or services used by Texas residents
officialUrl: https://capitol.texas.gov/BillLookup/History.aspx?LegSess=89R&Bill=HB149
notes: Signed June 22, 2025 by Governor Greg Abbott; effective January 1, 2026. A pared-back version of the original TRAIGA proposal; does not require broad risk management programs for all high-risk AI. Focuses on prohibited uses and impact assessments.

Properties

jurisdiction

US, Texas

level

state

domain

general

status

in-effect

scope

Regulates development and deployment of high-risk AI systems in Texas that make or substantially factor into consequential decisions in employment, education, healthcare, housing, insurance, financial services, or government services. Prohibits specific harmful AI uses.

obligations

Developers and deployers of high-risk AI systems must conduct impact assessments. Prohibited practices include: AI systems designed to encourage self-harm or criminal activity; AI systems producing child sexual abuse imagery or deepfake pornography involving minors; government use of social scoring. NIST AI RMF GenAI Profile compliance is an affirmative defense. A 36-month regulatory sandbox allows approved participants to test AI applications.

effectiveDate

2026-01-01

enactedDate

2025-06-22

penalties

Enforceable exclusively by the Texas Attorney General; penalties up to $200,000 per uncurable violation and $40,000 per day for continuing violations. 60-day cure period for curable violations.

appliesTo

entities that develop or deploy AI systems in Texas, advertise or conduct business in the state, or offer products or services used by Texas residents

officialUrl

https://capitol.texas.gov/BillLookup/History.aspx?LegSess=89R&Bill=HB149

notes

Signed June 22, 2025 by Governor Greg Abbott; effective January 1, 2026. A pared-back version of the original TRAIGA proposal; does not require broad risk management programs for all high-risk AI. Focuses on prohibited uses and impact assessments.